ToF-SIMS characterization of your own traditional damselfly (FUM-N-10904)

SEM-EDX elemental maps obtained from ( A good ) side blood vessels throughout the wasp, FUM-N-11263, and ( B ) thorax of damselfly, FUM-N-10904. C, carbon (red); California, calcium (blue); Fe, metal (orange); Mg, magnesium (cyan); O, fresh air (purple); S, sulfur (yellow); Quand, silicone polymer (green).

( Good – D ) Negative ion photo symbolizing ( A beneficial ) silica, ( B ) eumelanin and ( C ) original site iron oxide/sulfate, as well as ( D ) an overlay photo in which silica try presented from inside the red-colored, eumelanin in green and you may iron oxide/sulfate within the bluish. ( Age ) Bad ion spectra away from ROIs representing portion with high laws power out-of deposit-related ions (red; top) and you can eumelanin-related ions (green; bottom), respectively.

Abstract

FUM-N-17627 (Coleoptera). ( An effective ) The newest traditional elytra when you look at the dorsal view prior to testing, demonstrating a weak metal excel not as much as traditional white. ( B ) Large magnification of black number throughout the urban area demarcated from inside the ( A ). ( C ) SEM micrograph of one’s exterior (outer) body of one’s elytra. Note hexagonal patterning and you can desiccation cracks. ( D , Age ) SEM micrographs of one’s effortless inner skin of elytra. Mention hexagonally establish imprints on the sedimentary matrix surrounding this new traditional number. ( F ) SEM micrograph demonstrating a part from the mostly amorphous cuticular matrix. Note thin layers along side additional margin of your own elytra (indicated from the an enthusiastic arrow). ( G ) TEM micrograph portraying a straight area from elytra. Note mainly amorphous interior save your self for thin subvertical rifts (white arrows) and you may four electron-dense levels that choice that have thinner, electron-clear groups (black colored arrow). ( H ) Large magnification of your own narrow structures (light arrow) and you can epicuticular adding (black arrow). ( I ) TEM micrograph reflecting undulating, electron-lucent fibrillar nanostructures (arrows) regarding or even mainly homogenous cuticular matrix. ( J , K ) High magnification of your own formations represented when you look at the ( We ) demonstrating individual filaments. ( L – N ) SEM micrographs portraying remains out of putative seta, sensilla otherwise microtrichia-for example has. ( O ) SEM micrograph appearing the two mineral stages recognized in direct organization into elytra. New good texturing that have distinct polygonal imprints of your calcium supplements-steeped phase (white arrow) is actually distinguishable throughout the even more coarse-grained iron-rich and you will silicon-steeped stage (black arrow).

Easy Bottom line

SEM-EDX elemental charts extracted from brand new fossil beetle elytra (FUM-N-17627). C, carbon dioxide ( purple ); California, calcium ( blue ); Fe, metal ( tangerine ); Mg, magnesium ( cyan ); O, fresh air ( yellow ); S, sulfur ( red ); Quand, silicon ( green ).

ToF-SIMS characterization of traditional beetle elytra (FUM-N-17627). ( A beneficial – D ) Negative ion photo symbolizing ( An effective ) silica, ( B ) eumelanin and ( C ) all-natural sulfur, and ( D ) a keen overlay image where silica try portrayed in the yellow, eumelanin during the green and you will organic sulfur during the bluish. ( E ) Bad ion spectra obtained from selected ROIs you to correspond to the fresh eco-friendly (eumelanin) and red (silica) areas in ( D ), correspondingly, the spot where the range in the green area is compared against resource spectra out of man-made and you will natural eumelanin criteria. The brand new spectrum on red-colored town demonstrates the new age bracket regarding mixed team ions of silica and you may iron oxide. ( F – We ) Positive ion photos representing ( F ) the fresh new combined silica/iron oxide phase, ( G ) Ca-which includes all-natural buildings and you may ( H ) calcite, plus ( I ) a keen overlay image where silica/iron-oxide is depicted inside yellow and Ca-that features organics are eco-friendly and you may calcite is in blue. ( J ) Positive ion spectra on the purple, green and you may bluish components in the ( I ). The latest range on blue area is actually compared against a resource spectral range of calcite.